【豬】第六十四期：日糧中鈣與磷對(duì)用限位飼養(yǎng)和群養(yǎng)母豬繁殖性能和骨代謝標(biāo)志物的影響

2016-12-5 11:06| 發(fā)布者: 29625248| 查看: 2300| 評(píng)論: 1|原作者: 29625248

2016. J. Anim. Sci. 94(10):4205-4216

日糧中鈣與磷對(duì)用限位飼養(yǎng)和群養(yǎng)母豬繁殖性能和骨代謝標(biāo)志物的影響

F. P. Y. Tan, S. A. Kontulainen 和 A. D.Beaulieu

　　生產(chǎn)性能的提高和新的豬舍標(biāo)準(zhǔn)迫使對(duì)母豬的營(yíng)養(yǎng)需要包括礦物質(zhì)要有一個(gè)新的重估。本研究旨在確定日糧中鈣磷推薦量對(duì)有更多可移動(dòng)空間的群養(yǎng)母豬是否是足夠的。180頭經(jīng)產(chǎn)母豬分為6個(gè)處理。各處理按3×2析因設(shè)計(jì)進(jìn)行設(shè)置，將日糧鈣磷比作為主因素設(shè)置如下0.70:0.55%Ca:P（對(duì)照組）、0.60:0.47% Ca:P （低Ca:P組）和 0.81:0.63% Ca:P（高Ca:P組）豬舍條件分為限位飼養(yǎng)和散群飼養(yǎng)。當(dāng)母豬產(chǎn)后4到5周由產(chǎn)房轉(zhuǎn)移到妊娠舍時(shí)試驗(yàn)開(kāi)始。母豬剛開(kāi)始飼喂量為2.3 kg/d。分娩前2周飼喂量增加到3.0 kg/d。群養(yǎng)母豬可在獨(dú)立的欄位前進(jìn)行采食，采食后可進(jìn)入休息區(qū)休息。在試驗(yàn)開(kāi)始和妊娠第100天采集母豬血清樣，在泌乳中期和斷奶前采集母豬血清樣和奶樣。日糧和豬舍條件對(duì)產(chǎn)仔總數(shù)、出生至斷奶平均日增重和斷奶重均無(wú)影響（P > 0.10）。與限位飼養(yǎng)相比群養(yǎng)母豬所產(chǎn)仔豬的活仔數(shù)和出生重有所提高，而這兩項(xiàng)指標(biāo)并沒(méi)有受到母豬日糧的影響（P > 0.10）。在妊娠后期，低Ca:P組群養(yǎng)母豬的血清中鈣水平降低（日糧與豬舍條件交互作用，P = 0.02）且低Ca:P組群養(yǎng)母豬血清中的磷水平（妊娠28天至100天之間）有極大的降低（日糧與豬舍條件交互作用，P = 0.04）。骨鈣素和吡啶分別作為骨骼形成和再吸收的指示劑并沒(méi)有受到日糧和豬舍條件的影響（P > 0.10）。本研究結(jié)果表明NRC中日糧鈣磷的推薦量對(duì)于限位飼養(yǎng)或群養(yǎng)的現(xiàn)代母豬來(lái)說(shuō)均是足夠的。

Effects of dietary calcium and phosphorus on reproductive performance and markers of bone turnover in stall- or group-housed sows

F. P. Y. Tan, S. A. Kontulainen and A. D. Beaulieu

Increasing productivity and new housing standards necessitate a reevaluation of nutrient requirements for sows,including minerals. The objective of this study was to determine if there commended levels of dietary Ca and P are adequate for sows housed in groups and that, therefore, have the potential for increased mobility. A total of 180 multiparous sows and gilts were assigned to 1 of 6 treatments. Treatments, arranged as a 3 × 2 factorial, included the main effects of dietary Ca:P - 0.70:0.55% Ca:P (as-fed basis; control), 0.60:0.47% Ca:P (as-fed basis;Low CaP), and 0.81:0.63% Ca:P (as-fed basis; High CaP) - and housing - stalls or groups. The trial was initiated when sows were moved from the breeding stalls to the gestation room at wk 4 or 5 after breeding. Sows were initially fed 2.3 kg/d. This allotment was increased to 3.0 kg/d 2 wk prior to farrowing.Group-housed sows, fed in individual stalls, were allowed access to a loafing area after feeding. Serum samples were collected at the start of the trial and on d 100 of gestation, and both serum and milk samples were collected at mid lactation and prior to weaning. Neither diet nor housing had an effect on the total number of piglets born, ADG from birth to weaning, or weaning weight (P> 0.10). The number of live-born piglets and birth weight were unaffected by diet (P > 0.10) but were improved by group housing relative to stalls (P< 0.05). In late gestation, group-housed sows fed the Low CaP diet had reduced serum Ca (diet × housing interaction, P = 0.02), and the greatest reduction (between d 28 and 100 of gestation) in serum P level was observed in group-housed sows fed the Low CaP diet (diet × housing interaction, P = 0.04). Osteocalcin and pyridinoline, markers of bone formation and resorption, respectively, were unaffected by diet or housing (P > 0.10). Results from these studies imply that the level of dietary Ca and P recommended by the NRC is adequate for sows of modern genetics, whether housed in stalls or groups.

翻譯：李光燃來(lái)源：豬營(yíng)養(yǎng)國(guó)際論壇CSIS