母豬妊娠期間胎兒、胎盤和子宮氨的氨基酸組成

2017. J. Anim. Sci. 95(10): 4448-4461 　　母豬妊娠期間胎兒、胎盤和子宮氨的氨基酸組成 　　Y. D. Jang, Y. L. Ma, R. L. Payne and M. D.Lindemann 　　建立準(zhǔn)確的妊娠母豬氨基酸需要量模型需要我們能準(zhǔn)確地了解到妊娠產(chǎn)物的氨基酸組成。本試驗(yàn)收集了不同妊娠日齡（第43、58、73、91、101、108天）的總計(jì)65頭妊娠母豬的樣品，檢測(cè)了胎兒、胎盤和子宮的氨基酸組成。隨著妊娠時(shí)間的延長(zhǎng)，胎兒、胎盤和子宮的氨基酸含量（g/kg濕樣）隨之增加，在妊娠73至108天增加最多（P＜0.05）。胎兒氨基酸含量（干基）和氨基酸占總氨基酸比例總體上來(lái)說(shuō)隨著妊娠的進(jìn)行逐漸降低。但是從妊娠第73天開(kāi)始，精氨酸和丙氨酸顯著增加，從妊娠第43天開(kāi)始甘氨酸和脯氨酸顯著提高（P＜0.05）。妊娠第101天胎盤氨基酸含量（干基）比妊娠第91天顯著增加（P＜0.05），隨后在妊娠第108天有輕微的降低，而組氨酸、胱氨酸和蛋+胱氨酸無(wú)此現(xiàn)象。除精氨酸、丙氨酸、甘氨酸和脯氨酸外（它們的比例從妊娠第58天開(kāi)始增加），胎盤中其它氨基酸占總氨基酸的比例隨著妊娠時(shí)間的延長(zhǎng)而降低（P＜0.05）。子宮中必需氨基酸含量（干基）在妊娠期間沒(méi)有明顯變化。除天冬氨酸外，非必需氨基酸含量隨妊娠時(shí)間延長(zhǎng)而降低（P＜0.05）。子宮中一些必需氨基酸（異亮氨酸、亮氨酸、賴氨酸、蛋氨酸、色氨酸和纈氨酸，P＜0.06；天冬氨酸，P＜0.01）占總氨基酸的比例隨妊娠時(shí)間的延長(zhǎng)而增加，而精氨酸（P=0.08）、胱氨酸、甘氨酸和脯氨酸（P＜0.01）的比例隨之降低。胎兒、胎盤、子宮內(nèi)氨基酸組成的差異隨氨基酸的不同而不同。試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明胎兒、胎盤、子宮的氨基酸組成隨著妊娠的延長(zhǎng)有不同程度的變化，胎兒和胎盤中精氨酸、丙氨酸、谷氨酸和脯氨酸的含量尤其有特別顯著的變化。這些不同組織的氨基酸組成的數(shù)據(jù)有助于建立妊娠階段氨基酸需要量的模型。 　　Amino acid composition of fetus, placenta, and uterus in gilts throughout gestation 　　Y. D. Jang, Y. L. Ma, R. L. Payne and M. D.Lindemann 　　An accurate understanding of the AA composition of the products of conception is needed to accurately model dietary AA needs of pregnant swine. To determine AA composition in fetal pigs, the placenta, and the uterus at various stages of gestation, samples from a total of 65 gilts slaughtered at assigned days of gestation (d 43, 58, 73, 91, 101,and 108) were used. The AA concentrations (g/kg each wet tissue) in the fetus, placenta, or uterus increased as gestation progressed, with major increase soccurring from d 73 to 108 of gestation (P < 0.05). For fetus, AA content on a DM basis (%) and AA contribution to total fetal AA (g/100 g total AA of fetal tissue) generally decreased as gestation progressed (P < 0.05) except for Arg and Ala, which increased from d 73 of gestation, and for Gly and Pro, which increased progressively (P < 0.05) from d 43. Placental AA content on a DM basis increased up to d 91 or 101 of gestation (P < 0.05) and then slightly decreased on d 108 of gestation except for His, Cys, and Met + Cys. Amino acid contribution to total placental AA decreased for all AA as gestation progressed (P < 0.05), except for Arg, Ala, Gly, and Pro, which increased from d 58 of gestation. Essential AA content in the uterus on a DM basis had no major changes during gestation, whereas nonessential AA content decreased (P <0.05) as gestation progressed, except for Asp. For AA contribution to total uterine AA, some essential AA (Ile, Leu, Lys, Met, Trp, and Val; P < 0.06) and Asp (P < 0.01) contributions increased with increasing gestational ages, whereas Arg (P = 0.08), Cys, Gly, and Pro (P < 0.05) contributions decreased as gestation progressed. Differences in AA contribution to total AA within each tissue varied among the fetus, placenta, and uterus by type of AA. These results demonstrate that AA compositions of fetal pigs, placenta, and uterusare changed differentially as gestation progresses; in particular, Arg, Ala, Gly, and Pro compositions in fetus and placenta increased progressively. These compositional data for each reproductive tissue and fetus will help to model AA requirements in gestation.    來(lái)源：豬營(yíng)養(yǎng)國(guó)際論壇CSIS 翻譯：朱滔

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